Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Pneumocystis jiroveciiPneumonia Revealing a Diagnosis of HIV Infection: A Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14419/2g3fwm44Published
02-01-2026Keywords:
Pneumomediastinum; Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia; HIVAbstract
Pneumomediastinum refers to the presence of air in the mediastinum. It can arise from various etiologies, including trauma, esophageal perforation, infections, medical procedures, or underlying lung diseases. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a Common opportunistic infection seen in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with HIV/AIDS. Pneumomediastinum is a rare but serious complication of PJP that occurs in immunosuppressed patients, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. We present a rare case of pneumomediastinum caused by P. jirovecii in a patient discovered newly to have an HIV infection.
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