Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Pneumocystis jiroveciiPneumonia Revealing a Diagnosis of HIV Infection: A Case Report

  • Authors

    • Faouzia Kambouche Department of Pulmonology, university hospital center of Mostaganem, faculty of medicine of ‎Mostaganem
    • Labdouni Mohammed El Habib Department of Infectious Diseases, university hospital center of Oran, faculty of medicine of Oran
    • Hammou Rima Department of Infectious Diseases, university hospital center of Oran, faculty of medicine of Oran
    https://doi.org/10.14419/2g3fwm44

    Received date: October 11, 2025

    Accepted date: November 24, 2025

    Published date: January 2, 2026

  • Pneumomediastinum; Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia; HIV

  • Abstract

    Pneumomediastinum refers to the presence of air in the mediastinum. It can arise ‎from various etiologies, including trauma, esophageal perforation, infections, medical ‎procedures, or underlying lung diseases. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a ‎Common opportunistic infection seen in immunocompromised individuals, especially ‎those with HIV/AIDS. Pneumomediastinum is a rare but serious complication of PJP ‎that occurs in immunosuppressed patients, leading to significant morbidity and ‎mortality. We present a rare case of pneumomediastinum caused by P. jirovecii in a ‎patient discovered newly to have an HIV infection‎.

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  • How to Cite

    Kambouche, F. ., El Habib , L. M. ., & Rima , H. . (2026). Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Pneumocystis jiroveciiPneumonia Revealing a Diagnosis of HIV Infection: A Case Report. International Journal of Medicine, 13(2), 11-13. https://doi.org/10.14419/2g3fwm44