Decentralized IoT Network for Sustainable Water Desalination ‎Using Bio-Membrane Nanotech

  • Authors

    • Debarghya Biswas Assistant Professor, Department of CS & IT, Kalinga University, Raipur, India
    • Dhablia Dharmesh Kirit Research Scholar, Department of CS & IT, Kalinga University, Raipur, India
    • Rashi Aggarwal Assistant Professor, New Delhi Institute of Management, New Delhi, India
    https://doi.org/10.14419/5sqrcd12

    Received date: May 2, 2025

    Accepted date: May 29, 2025

    Published date: October 31, 2025

  • Decentralized IoT-Based Desalination System; Bio-Membrane Nanotechnology; Blockchain-Controlled Water Management; Machine ‎Learning Optimiza-tion; Renewable Energy Integration.

  • Abstract

    An innovative decentralized IoT-based desalination system based on bio-membrane nanotechnology addressing the problem of the global ‎water crisis is conceived in this research. Most conventional desalination techniques are based on centralized, energy-intensive systems, ‎which impede scalability and sustainability. By using biomembranes composed of protein-polymer hybrids designed to mimic aquaporins ‎for increased permeability and improved salt rejection, the proposed system is expected to operate effectively. The eco-friendly bio ‎membranes reduce the environmental impact. Therefore, these IoT-enabled sensors facilitate real-time monitoring of key parameters, such as ‎salinity, pressure, and membrane performance, enabling data-driven optimization of the membrane through machine learning algorithms. The ‎control system utilizes blockchain technology, which facilitates the management of multiple nodes and enables secure, self-directed decision-making. The system also uses renewable energy sources, some of which are integrated into the system, while others form self-healing ‎biopolymer coatings to minimize maintenance costs. Architecture is built on a three-layer model, composed of the perceptual, network, and ‎application layers, to ensure continuous data acquisition and processing, enabling data to inform the decision-making process. The results of ‎the experiments show a tenfold increase in desalination efficiency, accompanied by a reduction in energy consumption of up to 40% and an ‎extension of the membrane's lifetime. In this way, the proposed solution represents a novel, scalable, cheap, and sustainable method of ‎desalination in remote or off-grid regions‎.

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  • How to Cite

    Biswas, D. ., Kirit , D. D. ., & Aggarwal , R. . (2025). Decentralized IoT Network for Sustainable Water Desalination ‎Using Bio-Membrane Nanotech. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 14(SI-1), 390-395. https://doi.org/10.14419/5sqrcd12