Integrated Spectral Analysis and Source Parameter Imaging(SPI) of High-‎Resolution Aeromagnetic Data for BasementDepth Estimation in The Yola Arm, UpperBenue Trough, Nigeria

Authors

  • Lucky Peter Kenda Department of Physics, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
  • Adetola Sunday Oniku Physics Department, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
  • Bello Yusuf Idi Physics Department, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
  • Yohanna Andarawus Department of Geology, Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria
  • Sebastian Abraham Sunu Physics Department, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria and Department of Petroleum Chemistry & Physics American University of Nigeria (AUN)‎
  • Gabriel Joseph Wirdzelii Department of Physics, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14419/ag6bv476

Published

22-05-2026

Keywords:

Aeromagnetic Data; Spectral Analysis; Source Parameter Imaging (SPI); Basement Depth; Yola ‎Arm

Abstract

The Yola Arm of the Upper Benue Trough in Nigeria is a geologically complex region with limited subsurface data, hindering a detailed understanding of its basement configuration and sedimentary architecture. This study employs high-resolution aeromagnetic data to estimate ‎basement depths and characterize subsurface structural variations using both spectral analysis and ‎Source Parameter Imaging (SPI). The aeromagnetic data were processed with standard corrections, ‎Reduction to the Equator (RTE), and regional-residual separation to enhance anomaly ‎interpretation. Spectral analysis of 28 overlapping blocks identified shallow magnetic sources ‎ranging from 0.10 to 0.95 km (average 0.55 km), typically associated with intrusive bodies or ‎mineralized zones, and deeper sources from 0.70 to 3.20 km (average 1.95 km), likely ‎corresponding to structural depressions and variable sediment thickness. SPI results revealed ‎depths from 160 m to over 3,400 m, highlighting significant basement heterogeneity. Depth variations are consistent with fault-controlled horst-and-graben structures, reflecting rift-related tectonics and differential sediment accumulation. Integration of the spectral and SPI methods ‎provides a reliable characterization of basement morphology, indicating basement uplifts in the ‎northwestern and central areas and deeper sub-basins in the southeastern parts‎.

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How to Cite

Kenda, L. P. ., Oniku, A. S., Idi, B. Y. ., Andarawus, Y. ., Sunu , S. A., & Wirdzelii , G. J. . (2026). Integrated Spectral Analysis and Source Parameter Imaging(SPI) of High-‎Resolution Aeromagnetic Data for BasementDepth Estimation in The Yola Arm, UpperBenue Trough, Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Geosciences, 14(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.14419/ag6bv476

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