Assesment and evaluation of excess lifetime cancer risk for Occupants of university of Uyo permanent campus, Nigeria

  • Authors

    • Sunday Etuk University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
    • Akaninyene Antia University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
    • Okechukwu Agbasi University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
    2017-05-05
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v5i1.7564
  • Radioactive Radiation, Equivalent Dose, Effective Dose, Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk, University of Uyo Campus.

  • This paper presents the results of ambient radioactive radiation, radiation health hazard indices and excess lifetime cancer risk estimation within University of Uyo campus, Use Offot, Uyo, Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Mean annual outdoor and indoor equivalent doses of 0.284mSv/yr. and 0.854mSv/yr. respectively were recorded, being less than 1mSv/yr. maximum recommended limit for general public. Mean annual outdoor and indoor effective doses of 0.174mSv/yr. and 0.645mSv/yr. respectively with a total of 0.819mSv/yr. were computed. The mean outdoor and indoor ELCR values of 0.61x10-3 and 2.26 x 10-3 respectively, with a mean total of 2.87 x 10-3 were also computed. The results though higher than the world’s average, are comparable with those of some other locations within the Niger Delta region.

  • References

    1. [1] Johnstone, H. (1990) Facts on Nuclear waste and Radioactivity. Franklin watts, New York. Pp. 20- 21, 30.

      [2] Qureshi, A.A., Tariq, S., Din, K.U., Mauzoor, S., Calligaris, C. and Waheed, A. (2014). Evaluation of excessive lifetime cancer risk due to natural radioactivity in the rivers sediments of Northern Pakistan. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, Elsevier 7: 438 – 447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2014.07.008.

      [3] UNSCEAR Report (1988) Sources, effects and risk of ionizing radiation. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Report to the General Assembly with Annexes

      [4] UNSCEAR Report (2013) Sources, effects and risk of ionizing radiation Vol. 1 report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes

      [5] UNSCEAR (2001) Hereditary Effects of Radiation. Reports United Nations Scientific Committee on the effects of Atomic Radiation.

      [6] Mehra, R., Badha, K., Sonkawade, R.G., Kansal, S. and Singh, S. (2010). Analysis of terrestrial natural radionuclides in soil samples and assessment of average effective dose. Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics. Vol. 48 pp. 805 - 808.

      [7] Mazzili B. and Saueia (1999). Radiological implications of using phosphogysum as building material in Brazil. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 86(1): 63 – 67. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032927 .

      [8] Solomon, A.O. (1986). Structural petrographic studies of part of Igarra area, Bendel State, Nigeria. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis. Department of Geology and mineral science, University of Ilorin, Nigeria p. 52.

      [9] Rafique, M., Basharat, M., Azhar Saeed, R. and Rahamn, S. (2013): Effect of geology and altitude on ambient outdoor gamma dose rates in district Poonch, Azad Kashmir, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 8(4): 165 – 173.

      [10] Ramli, A.T., Hussein, A.W.M.A., wood, A.K. (2015). Environmental 234U and 232Th concentration measurement in an area of high level natural background at Palong, Johor, Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 80: 287- 304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.06.008.

      [11] Sunday E. Etuk, Aniesua A. Essiett and Okechukwu E. Agbasi. (2017) Measurement of Outdoor Ambient Radioactive Radiation and Evaluation of Radiation Indices and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk within Uyo, Unity Park, Uyo, Nigeria. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 9(4): 1-9, 2017

      [12] Etuk, S.E., George, N.J., Essien, I.E. and Nwokolo, S.C. (2015). A survey of Environmental Radioactivity level in Laboratories of the town campus, University of Uyo, Niger Delta Region. Advances in Applied Science Research. 4(4): 1- 5.

      [13] Esen, N.U., Ituen, E.E., Ekeso, D.S. and Etuk, S.E. (2015) Assessment of environmental radioactivity level in St. Luke’s hospital, Anua, Uyo. Advances in Applied Science Research 6(1): 79 – 82.

      [14] Akpabio, L.E., Etuk, S.E.and Essien, K. (2005). Environmental radioactive level in Ikot Ekpene. Nigerian Journal of Space Research. 1: 180 – 187.

      [15] Ekpo, N.M. (1996) Top soil environmental radioactivity in Akwa Ibom state of Nigeria. Journal of Radio analytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 218(2):233 – 235. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02039341.

      [16] Chad-Umoren, Y. and Briggs-Kamara, M.A. (2010). Environmental Ionizing Radiation Distribution in Rivers State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management. 18(2): 154 – 161. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2010.18.

      [17] Agbalagba, O.E and Meindinyo, R.K. (2010). Radiological impact of oil spilled environment: A case study of the Eriemu well 13 and 19 oil spillage in Ughelli region of Delta State, Nigeria. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 3(9): 1001 – 1005.

      [18] Arogunjo, A.M., Parai, I.P. and Fuwape, I.A. (2004) Impact of Oil and gas industry on the Natural Radioactivity distribution in the Delta Region of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Physics. 16: 131 – 136.

      [19] Aviwiri, G.O and Ebeniro, J.O (1998) External environmental radiation in an industrial area of Rivers State. Nigerian Journal of Physics. 10: 105 – 107

      [20] Inyang, S.O., Inyang, I.S. and Egbe, N.O. (2009). Radiation exposure levels within timber industries in Calabar, Nigeria. Journal of Medical Physics 34(2):97 – 100. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.51937.

      [21] Obioha, F.I. and Okonkwo, P.I. (2001). Background gamma radiation levels in the Nigeria Environment. West African Journal of Radiology. 8(1): 16 – 19.

      [22] Sadiq, A.A., Liman, M.S., Agba, E.H., Lumbi, L.W., Gurku, M.U. and Ibrahim, U. (2010a). Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation among the workers of selected mining site of Nassarawa State, Nigeria. Integrated Journal of Science and Engineering, 9(1): 70 – 74.

      [23] Sadiq, A.A., Agba, E.H., Liman, M.S., Gurku. M.U., and Ibrahim, U. (2010b) Ionizing Radiation Level in Nigerian Cement. Integrated Journal of science and engineering. 9(1): 64 – 69

      [24] Avwiri, G.O. and Olatubosun, S.A (2014) Assessment of environmental radioactivity in selected dumpsites in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific and Technological research, 3(4): 263 – 269.

      [25] Babalola, I.A. (1984). Radon measurement and Assay tailing from high natural radioactivity in Plateau State. Nigerian Journal of Science. 18(2): 92 – 98.

      [26] Ekpo, N.S. and Inyang, L.E.D. (1998). Radioactivity, physical and chemical parameters of underground and surface water in Qua Ibo River Estuary, Nigeria. Environmental Monitoring and assessment. 60: 47 – 55. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006125806581.

      [27] Marilyn, E. and Maguine, J. (1995) Radiation Protection with Health Sciences 1st Edition, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, pp. 296 -316.

      [28] Ibeanu, I.G.E (1999). Assessment of radiological impacts of tin mining activities in Jos and its environs. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, p.50.

      [29] UNSCEAR report (2000) Exposures from natural radiation sources, New York.

      [30] Lewis, B.J., Tume, P., Bennett, G.I., Pierre, M., Green, A.R., Cousins, T., Hoffarth, B.E., Jones, T.A. and Brisson, J.R., (1999). Cosmic Radiation Exposure on Canadian-based Commercial Airline Route. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. Vol. 86. No.1, pp. 7 – 24. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032929.

      [31] International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 26 (1990). ICRP Publication 26.

      [32] International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 60. 1991:21, 1- 3.

      [33] Taskin, H., Karavu, M., Ay, P., Topusoglu, A., Hindiroglu, S. and Karahan G. (2009) Radionuclide concentrations in soil and lifetime cancer risk due to the gamma radioactivity in Kirklareli. Turkey Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 100: 49-53 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.10.012.

      [34] Agbalagba, O.E., Osimobi, J.C. and Avwiri, G.O. (2016). Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk from measure background Ionizing Radiation levels in Active Coal Mines sites and Eviros. Environmental Processes, pp. 1 -14.

      [35] National Cancer Institute, USA (2009). Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute works to provide information on cancer among the US population

      [36] Conti, C.C., Bertelli, L. and Lopes, R.T (1999) Age-dependent dose in organs per unit air kerma free-in-air: Conversion coefficients for environmental exposure. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 86(1): 39 – 44 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032923.

      [37] Agbalagba, O.E. (2016). Assessment of excess lifetime cancer rate risk from gamma radiation level in Effurun and Warri city of Delta state Nigeria. Journal of Taibah University for science.

      [38] Okeyode, I.C. and Jibiri (2013). Excess lifetime cancer risk assessment with the use of sediments from Ogun River Nigeria as Building. Research Journal of Physics. 7:1-8. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjp.2013.1.8.

      [39] Avwiri, G.O., Egieya, J.M., Ononugbo, C.P. (2013). Radiometric Assay of Hazard Indices and Excess Lifetime cancer risk due to natural radioactivity in soil profile in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria. 4(5). Pp. 54 – 65.

      [40] Rafique, M., Rahman, S.U., Basharat, M., Aziz, W., Ahmad, I., Lone, K.A., and Matiullah, (2014) Evaluation of excess lifetime cancer risk from gama dose rates in Jheluum Valley. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Science. 7:29-35 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2013.11.005.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Etuk, S., Antia, A., & Agbasi, O. (2017). Assesment and evaluation of excess lifetime cancer risk for Occupants of university of Uyo permanent campus, Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Research, 5(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v5i1.7564