Gut Microbiota Profiles in Common Non-Communicable Diseases- A Narrative Review

  • Authors

    • Thiagarajan Sowmiya Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India 600116 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-9432
    • Emmanuel Bhaskar Department of General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India 600116 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3524-641X
    • Veeraraghavan Gayathri CEFTE, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India 600116 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-0140
    • Parthasarathy Mohanalakshmi Department of Biochemistry, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kunrathur Road, Chikkarayapuram, Chennai, India 600069 https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4917-5901
    • Santhi Silambanan Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India 600116
    https://doi.org/10.14419/cshmpj82

    Received date: January 14, 2026

    Accepted date: February 28, 2026

    Published date: March 2, 2026

  • Non-Communicable Diseases; Gut Microbiota; Gut Dysbiosis; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity

  • Abstract

    Purpose:‎ The gastrointestinal tract in humans is composed of various microorganisms including bacteria, ‎viruses, archaea, protozoa, and fungi. The interactions between gut and the microorganisms are ‎crucial for the processes such as digestion, nutrient absorption, immune function, and metabolic ‎regulation. Altered gut microbiota called dysbiosis, has been linked to the development and ‎progression of various non-communicable diseases. This review has been aimed to address the ‎alterations of gut microbiota in various non-communicable diseases.‎

    Methods:‎ A thorough literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and ‎Google Scholar between January 2015 and December 2024 to identify studies examining the ‎impact of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases. The search utilized keywords such as gut ‎microbiota, gut dysbiosis, and altered microbiota in non-communicable diseases. The studies ‎included were full research articles and studies published in English. In this comprehensive ‎review, we explored the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and human health, ‎focusing on its role in common metabolic disorders such as obesity, metabolic dysfunction-‎associated fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune ‎diseases, mental disorders, and cancer. Studies involving animal models, and cell lines and ‎reviews were excluded.‎

    Conclusions: ‎The altered gut microbiota is involved in the initiation and progression of various non-‎communicable diseases. The dysbiosis not only aggravates the disease, but also causes ‎refractoriness to the management of the disease. Hence, it is better to identify the causes of ‎dysbiosis to control the harmful bacteria and to bring relief to the individuals with common con-‎communicable diseases‎.

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    Sowmiya , T. ., Bhaskar, E., Gayathri , V. ., Mohanalakshmi , P. ., & Silambanan, S. (2026). Gut Microbiota Profiles in Common Non-Communicable Diseases- A Narrative Review. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 15(2), 46-54. https://doi.org/10.14419/cshmpj82