Enhanced Black Ice Detection in Road EnvironmentsUsing LiDAR and Angle-Thermal Modulation
-
https://doi.org/10.14419/bwb02d23
Received date: September 24, 2025
Accepted date: November 10, 2025
Published date: December 4, 2025
-
Black Ice Detection; LiDAR Lite v3 Sensor; Surface Reflectivity Analysis. -
Abstract
This paper explores a LiDAR-based approach for identifying black ice on road surfaces by analyzing variations in distance measurements under controlled changes in temperature and sensor orientation. Utilizing the compact and economical Lidar Lite v3, we observed how sub-tle differences in reflectivity and surface angle can distinguish black ice from asphalt. Despite the sensor's ±1 cm error margin, experimental outcomes suggest it is feasible to detect black ice through this method. The proposed approach offers a potential solution for real-time road hazard monitoring and sets the foundation for further enhancements aimed at improving robustness in dynamic environments.
-
References
- Hyung Gyun Kim, “A Black Ice Detection Method Using Infrared Camera and YOLO,” Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering Journal of the Korea Telecommunications Society Vol.25, No.12:1874~1881, Dec.2021.
- Golam Mohtasin, Hyoung-Kyu Song, Anjith George, and Seong-Whan Lee, “BlackIceNet: Explainable AI-Enhanced Multimodal for Black Ice Detection to Prevent Accident in Intelligent Vehicles,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 5123–5135, Jun. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2025.3530565.
- Dong-Han Lee, ”A Study on the Design of Forest IoT Network with Edge Computing,”Journal of KIIT. Vol. 16, No10, pp.101-109, Oct.31,2018.pISSN 1598-8619, eISSN 2093-7571. https://doi.org/10.14801/jkiit.2018.16.10.101.
- Kim, Seung-Jun, Won-Sub Yoon, and Yeon-Kyu Kim., ”Characteristics of Black Ice Using Thermal Imaging Camera”Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence 24.6_2(2021): 873-882.
- E. Ayala, J. Sotamba, B. Carpio and O. Escandón“Lidar Lite v3 Module Performance Evaluation” 978-1-5386-6657-9/18/$31.00.
- Lee, HoJun, et al. "Black ice detection using CNN for the Prevention of Accidents in Automated Vehicle." 2020 International Confer-ence on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSCI51800.2020.00222.
- LIU, Tieming, et al. Prototype decision support system for black ice detection and road closure control. IEEE Intelligent transportation systems magazine, 2017, 9.2: 91-102. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITS.2017.2666587.
- Ma, Xinxu, and Chi Ruan. "Method for black ice detection on roads using tri-wavelength backscattering measurements." Applied optics 59.24 (2020): 7242-7246. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.398772.
- Lee, Hojun, et al. "The detection of black ice accidents for preventative automated vehicles using convolutional neural net-works." Electronics 9.12 (2020): 2178. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122178.
- M. Loetscher, N. Baumann, E. Ghignone, A. Ronco, and M. Magno, “Assessing the robustness of LiDAR, Radar and depth cameras against ill reflecting surfaces in autonomous vehicles: an experimental study,” arXiv preprint, arXiv:2309.10504, 2023.Ruiz Llata et al. (2018) introduced diffuse reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy for proactive road condition assessment, including ice presence ahead of moving vehicles. https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT58464.2023.10539485.
- M. Ruiz-Llata, et al., “LiDAR design for road condition measurement ahead of a moving vehicle using near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 274, pp. 94–103, 2018.
- N. Certad, W. Morales-Alvarez, and C. Olaverri-Monreal, “Road markings segmentation from LiDAR point clouds using reflectivity information,” arXiv preprint, arXiv:2211.01105, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES56941.2022.9986939.
- X. Ma and C. Ruan, “Method for black ice detection on roads using tri-wavelength backscattering measurements,” Applied Optics, vol. 59, no. 24, pp. 7242–7246, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.398772.
- S.-B. Hong and H.-S. Yun, “Predicting black ice-related accidents with probabilistic modeling using GIS-based Monte Carlo simulation,” PLOS ONE, vol. 19, no. 5, e0303605, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303605.
- Y. Kim, J. Park, and D. Lee, “Development of LiDAR and thermal imaging-based response technology for black ice detection,” Sensors, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1210–1224, 2025.
- S.-I. Kang and Y.-S. Shin, “Development of detection and prediction response technology for black ice using multi modal imaging,” Engineering Proceedings, vol. 102, no. 1, art. 8, Jul. 2025, https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025102008.
- M. Loetscher, N. Baumann, E. Ghignone, A. Ronco, and M. Magno, “Assessing the robustness of LiDAR, radar and depth cameras against ill reflecting surfaces in autonomous vehicles: an experimental study,” arXiv preprint, arXiv:2309.10504, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT58464.2023.10539485.
- A. S. Author et al., “Fuzzy logic based slipperiness detection integrating LiDAR intensity with environmental parameters,” Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 2025, testing accuracy 87 % under Arctic conditions.
-
Downloads
-
How to Cite
Hong, S.-B. ., & Choi, W. H. (2025). Enhanced Black Ice Detection in Road EnvironmentsUsing LiDAR and Angle-Thermal Modulation. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 14(8), 136-141. https://doi.org/10.14419/bwb02d23
