Intelligent Development and Emulation of Vehicle Braking System ‎Using Ultrasonic Sensor

  • Authors

    • A Adaikalam Department of ECE, UCE, AU, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
    • R. Sarojini Department of ECE, Government College of Engineering, Bodinayakkanur, Tamil Nadu, India
    • S. Kulasekarapandian Department of ECE, UCE, AU, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
    • K. Rajeswari Department of ECE, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
    • N. Senthilnathan Department of ECE, UCE, AU, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
    • B. Thilakavathi Department of ECE, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
    https://doi.org/10.14419/yf99bq45

    Received date: July 3, 2025

    Accepted date: September 13, 2025

    Published date: October 9, 2025

  • Smart Braking System (SBS); Arduino IDE; DC Motor; Micro Controller Unit (MCU); Electronic Control Unit (ECU); and Ultrasonic Sensor

  • Abstract

    Nowadays, automotive safety remains a vital concern, particularly in preventing collisions. To address the limitations of traditional braking ‎systems, we propose a novel Smart Braking System (SBS) that controls ultrasonic sensors and an Arduino-based Micro Controller Unit (MCU). This ‎system autonomously detects obstacles and initiates braking responses without driver intervention, offering an affordable and reliable safety solution. ‎The ultrasonic sensor continuously measures the distance between the moving vehicle and various obstacles, including materials such as plastic, wood, ‎paper, or cloth, and relays this data to the MCU. Based on the pre-programmed logic within the Node MCU, the system automatically adjusts the ‎vehicle’s speed or triggers emergency braking when an object falls within a critical safety range. Designed for high efficiency and reliability, the SBS ‎dynamically responds to real-time distance measurements, reducing the risks and severity of accidents. By executing emergency braking commands ‎precisely when needed, the system mitigates collision damage more effectively than existing automatic collision-avoidance solutions. During prototype ‎testing, the proposed system demonstrated superior performance, revealing and addressing vulnerabilities present in other methods. Overall, the SBS ‎provides a practical, cost-effective, and highly responsive solution to enhance vehicle safety, particularly in scenarios that require rapid obstacle ‎detection and emergency response‎.

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  • How to Cite

    Adaikalam, A. ., Sarojini , R. ., Kulasekarapandian , S. ., Rajeswari , K. ., Senthilnathan , N. ., & Thilakavathi, B. . (2025). Intelligent Development and Emulation of Vehicle Braking System ‎Using Ultrasonic Sensor. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 14(6), 160-168. https://doi.org/10.14419/yf99bq45