The Convergence of Green Innovation and Digital Technologies: A Blockchain-Enabled Framework for ‎Sustainable Development

  • Authors

    • Halek Mu'min Mu'min Inti International University, Nilai, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9946-0468
    • Romi Pramono Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
    • Ade Asria Radiany STIE Pancasetia, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
    • Yaser Arafat Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
    • Ester Darmawan Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
    • Lisnawati Mantero Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
    https://doi.org/10.14419/4vavsq26

    Received date: September 10, 2025

    Accepted date: October 23, 2025

    Published date: November 16, 2025

  • Blockchain Technology; Green Innovation; Digital Transformation; Sustainable Development; Manufacturing

  • Abstract

    This study examines the relationship between blockchain technology capabilities, green innovation performance, and sustainable ‎development outcomes in Indonesian manufacturing companies using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Data were ‎collected from manufacturing firms with over ten years of operation through structured questionnaires employing seven-point Likert ‎scales. While internal consistency reliability proved acceptable with Cronbach's Alpha and composite reliability values exceeding ‎established thresholds, the study encountered severe discriminant validity failures that fundamentally compromise structural model ‎interpretations. The correlation between green innovation performance and sustainable development outcomes substantially exceeded ‎acceptable thresholds, indicating empirical indistinguishability between constructs, while several factor loadings approached minimum ‎acceptable levels. Despite these critical methodological limitations, structural analysis revealed strong blockchain-green innovation ‎relationships and weak direct blockchain-sustainability effects, suggesting potential mediation patterns through green innovation ‎performance. However, the discriminant validity failure prevents definitive theoretical conclusions, requiring cautious interpretation of all ‎findings. The cross-sectional design further limits causal inference capabilities. Results suggest organizations should focus on capability ‎development alongside blockchain adoption, though measurement validity issues necessitate substantial methodological refinement in ‎future research. This study contributes to understanding blockchain-sustainability relationships in manufacturing contexts while ‎highlighting critical methodological challenges that must be addressed before advancing theoretical knowledge. The findings align with ‎Dynamic Capabilities Theory perspectives, suggesting that technological resources become valuable through organizational capability ‎development rather than direct implementation‎.

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    Mu'min, H. M., Pramono, R., Radiany , A. A. ., Arafat, Y. ., Darmawan, E. ., & Mantero, L. . (2025). The Convergence of Green Innovation and Digital Technologies: A Blockchain-Enabled Framework for ‎Sustainable Development. International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 12(7), 516-529. https://doi.org/10.14419/4vavsq26