Waste Polymer Blended with Copolymer Polypropylene to Enhance Mechanical Properties Using Injection Moulding

  • Authors

    • N. Afiqah S
    • Anika Zafiah M. Rus
    • A. Shahrizan Syah
    • Farhana Hazwanee M. J.,
    • Noraini M
    • S. Aida I
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.28.23431
  • Copolymer polypropylene, tensile properties, rice husk flour, recycled polypropylene, weathering, wood-polymer composites.

  • This study was constructed to examine the tensile properties and the microstructure of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) before and after being subjected to UV irradiation. The pellet of the wood polymer composites consists of waste polypropylene as the matrix and rice-husk flour as the reinforcing filler. They were mixed blended with virgin copolymer polypropylene through injection moulding and were UV irradiated from 1000 hours to 3000 hours to study the effect of weathering on the tensile properties of the WPCs. The microstructures of the fractured surface of the specimens were examined under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The tensile properties of the composites decreased with the increase of UV irradiation due to photo degradation. Adding copolymer polypropylene by 10-30 wt% in the composition helps improve the tensile properties of the WPCs.

     

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Narinder Singh, David Hui, Rupinder Singh, I. P. S. Ahuja, Luciano Feo, Fernando Fraternali. Recycling of plastic solid waste. Journal of Composites Part B: Engineering 115 (2017): 409-422.

      [2] Mwanza, Bupe G. and Mbohwa, Charles. Drivers to Sustainable Plastic Solid Waste Recycling. Procedia Manufacturing 8 (2017): 649-656.

      [3] F. Pacheco-Torgal, Yining Ding and Said Jalali. Properties and durability of concrete containing polymeric wastes (tyre rubber and polyethylene terephthalate bottles). Journal of Construction and Building Materials 30 (2012): 714-724.

      [4] Butu A. W. and Mshelia S. S. Municipal Solid Waste Disposal and Environmental Issues in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. British Journal of Environmental Sciences 2 (2014): 10-26.

      [5] Adhikary Kamal B., Shusheng Pang, Mark P. Staiger. Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Behaviour of Wood-Plastic Composites Based on Recycled and Virgin High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE). Journal of Composites Part B 39 (2008): 807-815.

      [6] Han-Seung Yang, Hyun-Joong Kim, Son Jungil, Park Hee-Jun, Lee Bum-Jae, Hwang Taek-Sung. Rice-Husk Flour Filled Polypropylene Composites: Mechanical and Morphological Study. Journal of Composite Structures 63 (2004): 305-312.

      [7] Mohammad Ghofrani, Pishan Sakineh, Mohammadi Reza Mohammad and Hossein Omidi.A Study on Rice-Husk/Recycled High Density Polyethylene Composites – Their Physical and Mechanical Properties. Journal of Environmental Sciences 9 (2012): 99-112.

      [8] Helal G. A. Bioconversion of Straw into Improved Fodder. Journal of Microbiology 34 (2006): 14-21.

      [9] Nurain Johar, Ishak Ahmad, Alain Dufresne. Extraction, Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Fibers and Nanocrystals from Rice Husk. Journal of Industrial Crops and Products 37 (2012): 93-99.

      [10] Rowell RM, Lange SE, Jacobson RE. Weathering performance of plant-fiber/ thermoplastic composites. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 353 (2000): 85–94.

      [11] Falk RH, Lundin T, Felton C. Durability and disaster mitigation in wood-frame housing. In Proceedings, 2000, pp. 175–179.

      [12] C. Homkhiew, T. Ratanawilai, W. Thongruang, Effects of natural weathering on the properties of recycled polypropylene composites reinforced with rubberwood flour. Ind. Crops Prod. 56 (2014): 52-59.

      [13] L. Soccalingame, D.Perrin, J.-C. Benezet, A.Bergeret. Reprocessing of UV- weathered Wood Flour Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Study on Natural Outdoor Exposure. Polymer Degradation and Stability 133 (2016): 389 – 398.

      [14] Irina Turku, Anna Keskisaari, Timo Kärki, Ari Puurtinen, Pasi Marttila. Characterization of Wood Plastic Composites Manufactured From Recycled Plastic Blends. Composite Structures 161 (2017): 469-476.

      [15] R. Ou, Y. Xie, W.P. Wolcott, E. Yuan, Q. Wang, Effect of wood cell wall composition on the rheological properties of wood particle/high density polyethylene composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 93 (2014): 68–75.

      [16] N.M. Stark, L.M. Matuana, Ultraviolet weathering of photostabilized woodflour-filled high-density polyethylene composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 90 (2003): 2609–2617.

      [17] C. Homkhiew, T. Ratanawilai, W. Thongruang, Effects of natural weathering on the properties of recycled polypropylene composites reinforced with rubberwood flour. Ind. Crop. Prod. 56 (2014): 52–59.

      [18] A.A. Morandim-Giannetti, J.A.M. Agnelli, B.Z. Lanc¸ as, R. Magnabosco, S.A. Casarin, S.H.P. Bettini, Lignin as additive in polypropylene/coir composites: Thermal, mechanical and morphological properties. Carbohyd. Polym. 87 (2012) 2563–2568.

      [19] Célia Badji, Lata Soccalingame, Hélène Garay, Anne Bergeret, Jean-Charles Bénézet. Influence of Weathering on Visual and Surface Aspect of Wood Plastic Composites: Correlation Approach with Mechanical Properties and Microstructure. Polymer Degradation and Stability 37 (2017): 162 – 172.

      [20] Hattotuwa G. B. Premalal, H. Ismail, A. Baharin. Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Powder Filled Polypropylene Composites with Talc Filled Polypropylene Composites. Polymer Testing 21 (2002): 833 – 839.

      [21] M. García, J. Hidalgo, I. Garmendia, J. García-Jaca. Wood-Plastics Composites with Better Fire Retardancy and Durability Performance. Composites: Part A 40 (2009): 1772 – 1776.

      [22] Yao Peng, Ru Liu, Jinzhen Cao. Characterization of Surface Chemistry and Crystallization Behaviour of Polypropylene Composites Reinforced With Wood Flour, Cellulose and Lignin During Accelerated Weathering. Applied Surface Science (2015): 253 – 259.

      [23] Te-Hsin Yang, Tsu-Hsien Yang, Wei-Cheng Chao, Shao-Yuan Leu. Characterization of the Property Changes of Extruded Wood-Plastic Composites during Year Round Subtropical Weathering. Construction and Building Materials 88 (2015): 159 – 168.

      [24] Silva RV, Aquino EM. Curaua fiber: A new alternative to polymeric composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 27 (2008): 103-112.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Afiqah S, N., Zafiah M. Rus, A., Shahrizan Syah, A., Hazwanee M. J., F., M, N., & Aida I, S. (2018). Waste Polymer Blended with Copolymer Polypropylene to Enhance Mechanical Properties Using Injection Moulding. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3.28), 252-257. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.28.23431