Factors management for workplace safety compliance in fossil power generation: comparison between assessed worldwide and Moroccan fossil fuel power plants

  • Authors

    • Mohamed Younes El Bouti Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier
    • Mohamed Allouch Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.16743

    Received date: August 3, 2018

    Accepted date: December 17, 2018

    Published date: November 15, 2018

  • Countermeasures, Fossil Fuel Power Plants, Influencing Factors, Safety-Related Behavior.

  • Abstract

    Majority of workplace incidents are attributed to unsafe behavior. Despite all the implemented control measures, accidents still reoccur in the energy industry. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to identify the influencing factors on the employees’ behavioral safety compliance in Moroccan and worldwide Fossil Power Generation. The study analyses safety behavior and highlights the change trend by identifying the influencing factors on workers Safety-Related Behavior (S-RB). Therefore, the data were collected through the survey questionnaires of a five-point Likert scale, which have been dealing out to safety practitioners of sixteen Fossil Fuel Power Plants (FFPPs) that are located across nine countries. The inter-items consistency and reliability were measured by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20) software. Besides, countermeasures were part of the survey. The study illustrates that the job factors are the most influencing of all other analyzed factors on workplace safety performance through their direct effects on workers S-RB, particularly the Workload which was revealed as the major affecting factor on S-RB in all the assessed 16 power plants (PPs). Furthermore, Worker Cooperation/Involvement and Training were found as the most common selected countermeasures in both conducted analyses (Worldwide and Moroccan PPs) in order to tackle effectively the identified influencing factors and reduce PPs accidents and critical safety behavior that contributes to injuries and losses.

  • References

    1. S. Hirschberg, G. Spiekerman, and R. Dones, Project GaBE: Com-prehensive Assessment of Energy Systems. Severe Accidents in the Energy Sector, PAUL SCHERRER Inst. 4 (1998) 98–16.
    2. A. F. Fritzsche, the Health Risks of Energy Production, Wiley Online Libr. 9 (1989) 565–577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1989.tb01267.x.
    3. P. Burgherr, P. Eckle, and S. Hirschberg, Comparative assessment of severe accident risks in the coal, oil and natural gas chains, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 105 (2012) 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2012.03.020.
    4. C. Atombo, C. Wu, E. O. Tettehfio, G. Y. Nyamuame, and A. A. Agbo, Safety and Health Perceptions in Work-related Transport Ac-tivities in Ghanaian Industries, Safety and Health at Work 8 (2017) 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.10.002.
    5. Department of Homeland Security, Energy Sector-Specific Plan, Washington, USA, 2015.
    6. L. Lulić, Governance in the Oil and Gas Industry: Past Approaches, New Challenges, Hrvat. Znan. 15 (2015) 1153–1159.
    7. J. K. Wachter and P. L. Yorio, A system of safety management practices and worker engagement for reducing and preventing acci-dents: An empirical and theoretical investigation, Accid. Anal. Prev. 68 (2014) 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.07.029.
    8. M. K. bin J. Khan and J. K. Mohamad Khan, Determinant of occu-pational safety and health performance in small and medium manu-facturing setting, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Malay-sia, 2003, 1–445.
    9. I. F. Zin S, Employers Behavioural Safety Compliance Factors to-ward, Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci. 36 (2012) 742–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.081.
    10. Y. Zhang, W. Shao, M. Zhang, H. Li, S. Yin, and Y. Xu, Analysis 320 coal mine accidents using structural equation modeling with un-safe conditions of the rules and regulations as exogenous variables, Accid. Anal. Prev. 13 (2016) 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.02.021.
    11. J. H. T. H. Andriessen, Safe behaviour and safety motivation, J. Occup. Accid. 1 (1978) 363–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(78)90006-8.
    12. N. C. Skeepers and C. Mbohwa, A Study on the Leadership Behav-iour, Safety Leadership and Safety Performance in the Construction Industry in South Africa, Procedia Manuf. 4 (2015) 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.11.008.
    13. J. M. Rohani, M. F. Johari, W. H. W. Hamid, H. Atan, A. J. Adeyemi, and A. Udin, Occupational Accident Direct Cost Model Validation Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Procedia Manuf. 2 (2015) 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.050.
    14. National General Certificate Unit, National examination board in occupational safety and health, London, United Kingdom, 2015.
    15. B. Vasconcelos and B. B. Junior, The Causes of Work Place Acci-dents and their Relation to Construction Equipment Design, Proce-dia Manuf.3 (2015) 4392–4399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.437.
    16. L. Drupsteen and P. Hasle, Why do organizations not learn from incidents? Bottlenecks, causes and conditions for a failure to effec-tively learn, Accid. Anal. Prev. 72 (2014) 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.027.
    17. M. M. Abu-Khader, IMPACT OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR ON PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 82 (2004) 431–437. https://doi.org/10.1205/psep.82.6.431.53206.
    18. D. Chen and H. Tian, Behavior based safety for accidents preven-tion and positive study in China construction project, Procedia Eng. 43 (2012) 528–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.092.
    19. R. Choudhry, D. Fang, S. Mohamed, Developing a Model of Con-struction Safety Culture, Journal of Management in Engineering 4 (2016) 7.
    20. J. Liu and X. Song, Countermeasures of mine safety management based on behavior safety mode, Procedia Eng. 84 (2014) 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.420.
    21. N. Offshore, P. Safety, and E. M. Authority, Information paper Human error risk reduction to ALARP, NOPSEMA, Perth, Austral-ia, 2015, 1-11.
    22. M. M. Abu-Khader, Impact of Human Behaviour on Process Safety Management in Developing Countries, Process Saf. Environ. Prot.82 (2004) 431–437. https://doi.org/10.1205/psep.82.6.431.53206.
    23. P. Hämäläinen, J. Takala, and K. L. Saarela, Global estimates of occupational accidents, Saf. Sci. 44 (2005) 137–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.08.017.
    24. Morocco Tomorrow. Morocco Aims High With LNG and Power Plans. Morocco Tomorrow, 2015. http://www.moroccotomorrow.org/morocco-aims-high-with-lng-and-power-plans/. Accessed: 01-Jun-2017.
    25. M. P. Mihai and B. M. Sorin, Behavioral Based Safety Management in Electric Power Industry – Complementary Safety of Workers 2. Safety of the Workers in Electric Power Industry, Behav. Based Saf. Manag. Electr. Power Ind.7 (2015) 303–307.
    26. J. H. T. H. Andriessen, Safe behaviour and safety motivation, J. Occup. Accid. 1 (1978) 363–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(78)90006-8.
    27. A. Neal and M. A. Griffin, Safety Climate and Safety Behaviour, Aust. J. Manag. Aust. Grad. Sch. Manag. 27 (2002) 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/031289620202701S08.
    28. S. M. Zin and F. Ismail, Employers’ Behavioural Safety Compliance Factors toward Occupational, Safety and Health Improvement in the Construction Industry, Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci. 36 (2012) 742–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.081.
    29. Y. Liu, Z. Hua, and L. Lei, Motivation mechanism of accident pre-vention in coal mine, Procedia Eng. 43 (2012) 174–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.263.
    30. J. Reason, Understanding adverse events: human factors, Qual. Heal. Care 4 (1995) 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.4.2.80.
    31. Health and Safety Executive, Reducing error and influencing be-haviour, HSE Books, Bootle, United Kingdom, 1989.
    32. D. K. Lorenzo, EQE, International Inc., Reducing Human Errors, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, USA, 2001.
    33. Y. Khosravi, H. Asilian-Mahabadi, E. Hajizadeh, N. Hassanzadeh-Rangi, H. Bastani, and A. H. Behzadan, Factors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents on construction sites: A review, Int. J. Oc-cup. Saf. Ergon. 20 (2014) 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2014.11077023.
    34. C. D. B. Burt, New Employee Safety Risk Factors and Manage-ment Strategies, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2015, 9-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18684-9_2.
    35. V. J. Sutherland and C. L. Cooper, Personality, stress and accident involvement in the offshore oil and gas industry, Pers. Individ. Dif. 12 (1991) 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(91)90103-I.
    36. Y. Kim, J. Park M, Creating a Culture of Prevention in Occupation-al Safety and Health practice, Safety and Health at Work 7 (2016) 89-96 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.02.002.
    37. N. Ulutasdemir, M. Kilic, O. Zeki, and F. Begendi, Effects of Oc-cupational Health and Safety on Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Workers Employed in a Private Company in Turkey, Ann. Glob. Heal. 81 (2015) 503-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.08.018.
    38. X. Zhao and S. Ma, Application of man-machine-environment sys-tem engineering in coal mine accident, Lect. Notes Electr. Eng. 406 (2016) 601–608. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2323-1_67.
    39. D. A. N. Hair-cro and K. Narvaez-, Root Causes / Failures That Caused the Macondo Well Explosion ( BP Oil ) History of Macon-do Well, National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon. Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling, Washington, USA, 2011.
    40. J. Hare and M. Johnson, Underlying Causes of Offshore Incidents, Health and Safety Laboratory, Derbyshire, United Kingdom, 2009.
    41. J. E. B. Bldg, Human Factors and Ergonomics in Offshore Drilling and Production : The Implications for Drilling Safety, Ocean Ener-gy Safety Institute, Texas, USA, 2016.
    42. L. Högberg, Root causes and impacts of severe accidents at large nuclear power plants, Ambio 42 (2013) 267–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-013-0382-x.
    43. I. Mohammadfam, F. Ghasemi, O. Kalatpour, and A. Moghimbeigi, Constructing a Bayesian network model for improving safety be-havior of employees at workplaces, Appl. Ergon. 58 (2017) 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2016.05.006.
    44. P. Hoonakker, T. Loushine, P. Carayon, J. Kallman, A. Kapp, and M. J. Smith, The effect of safety initiatives on safety performance: A longitudinal study, Appl. Ergon. 36 (2005) 461–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2004.07.006.
    45. A. Azadeh, Evaluating the Impacts of Resilience Engineering on Health, Safety,Environment, and Ergonomics Factors by Z-Number Cognitive Map in a Large Petrochemical Plant, Saf. Health Work, 3 (2015) 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2015.08.005.
    46. S. Z. B. A. K. Fatini Hanim Binti Mohamed Taufek, Zulhafiza Binti Zulkifle, Safety and Health Practices and Injury Management in Manufacturing Industry, Procedia Econ. Financ. 35 (2016) 705 – 712.
    47. W. I. Faridah Ismail, Ahmad Ezanee Hashim, Wan Zuriea, Behav-iour Based Approach for Quality and Safety Environment Im-provement Malaysian Experience in the Oil and Gas Industry, Pro-cedia - Soc. Behav. Sci.35 (2012) 586–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.02.125.
    48. K. Amponsah-Tawaih and M. A. Adu, Work Pressure and Safety Behaviors among Health Workers in Ghana: The Moderating Role of Management Commitment to Safety, Saf. Health Work 7 (2016) 340–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.05.001.
    49. Y. Bhattacharya, Measuring Safety Culture on Ships Using Safety Climate: A Study among Indian Officers, International J. e-Navigation Marit. Econ. 3 (2015) 51–70.
    50. D. George and P. Mallery, SPSS for Windows Step by Step: An-swers to Selected Exercises, A Simple Guide and Reference, USA, 2003.
    51. R. Likert, A technique for the measurement of attitudes, Arch. Psy-chol., 22 (1932) 1-55.
    52. I. Vickers, R. Baldock, D. Smallbone, and P. James, Cultural influ-ences on health and safety attitudes and behaviour in small busi-nesses, HSE (Health and Safety Executive, Bootle, United King-dom, 2003.
    53. G. Conference and E. Isbn, Factors Affecting the Health and Safe-ty Behavior of Factory Workers 7 (2011) 1–21.
    54. Y. Bhattacharya, Measuring Safety Culture on Ships Using Safety Climate: A Study among Indian Officers, Int. J. e-Navigation Marit. Econ.3 (2015) 51–70.
    55. J. D. Nahrgang, F. P. Morgeson, and D. A. Hofmann, Safety at Work: A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Link between Job De-mands, Job Resources, Burnout, Engagement, and Safety Outcomes, J. Appl. Psychol. 96 (2011) 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484.
    56. K. Mearns and R. Flin, Risk perception and attitudes to safety by personnel in the offshore oil and gas industry: a review, J. Loss Prev. Process Ind.8 (1995) 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-4230(95)00032-V.
    57. M. S. Abdullah, Y. H. Othman, A. Osman, and S. N. Salahudin, Safety Culture Behaviour in Electronics Manufacturing Sector (EMS) in Malaysia: The Case of Flextronics, Procedia Econ. Fi-nanc.35 (2016) 454–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)00056-3.
    58. M. I. R. Z. Ali, Health and Safety in Oil and Gas Sector, Bureau Veritas, Pakistan, 2014.
    59. P. Thepaksorn and S. Pongpanich, Occupational injuries and illness-es and associated costs in Thailand, Saf. Health Work 5 (2014) 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2014.04.001.
    60. S. Unsar and N. Sut, General assessment of the occupational acci-dents that occurred in Turkey between the years 2000 and 2005, Safety Science 47 (2009) 614-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.08.001.
    61. S. G. Clarke, Safety culture : under- specified and overrated, Inter-national Journal of Management Reviews 2 (2000) 65–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2370.00031.
    62. K. I, Gabryelewicz, J, SadłowsNa-WrzesińsNab, E, Evaluation of safety climate level in a production facility, Procedia Manuf. 3 (2015) 5822–5829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.835.
    63. M. P. Yangho Kim, Jungsun Park, Creating a Culture of Prevention in Occupational Safety and Health, Saf. Health Work 7 (2016) 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.02.002.
    64. M. I. Khan, Developing a safety culture in developing countries,” Int. Conf. Safety, Constr. Eng. Proj. Manag. (ICSCEPM-2013), Is-sues, Challenges Oppor. Dev. Countries, 8 (2013) 26–31.
    65. D. Fang and S. Mohamed, The nature of safety culture : A survey of the state-of-the-art, Safety Science 45 (2007) 993–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2006.09.003.
    66. J. Liu and X. Song, Countermeasures of mine safety management based on behavior safety mode, Procedia Engineering, 84 (2014) 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.420.
    67. D. Seo, An explicative model of unsafe work behavior, Safety Sci-ence 43 (2005) 187–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.05.001.
    68. R. M. Choudhry, Why operatives engage in unsafe work behavior : Investigating factors on construction sites, Saf. Sci. 46 (2008) 566–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2007.06.027.
    69. T. Amegroud, Morocco’s Power Sector Transition : Achievements and Potential, Inst. Aff. Internazionali 15 (2015) 1–18.
    70. International Labour Organization (ILO), Occupational safety and health and skills in the oil and gas industry operating in polar and subarctic climate zones of the northern hemisphere, Geneva, Swit-zerland, 2016, 26-29.
    71. A. Rahmani, M. Khadem, E. Madreseh, H. A. Aghaei, M. Raei, and M. Karchani, Descriptive study of occupational accidents and their causes among electricity distribution company workers at an eight-year period in Iran, Saf. Health Work 4 (2013) 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2013.07.005.
    72. J. I. Chang and C. C. Lin, A study of storage tank accidents, J. Loss Prev. Process Ind.19 (2006) 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2005.05.015.
    73. D. Chen and H. Tian, Behavior based safety for accidents preven-tion and positive study in China construction project, Procedia Eng. 43 (2012) 528–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.092.
    74. D. A. Hofmann and A. Stetzer, A cross-level investigation of fac-tors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents, Pers. Psychol. 49 (1996) 307–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb01802.x.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Younes El Bouti, M., & Allouch, M. (2018). Factors management for workplace safety compliance in fossil power generation: comparison between assessed worldwide and Moroccan fossil fuel power plants. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 4592-4601. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.16743