An Analysis of Financial Literacy and Financial Well-Being inRelation to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Among Women Entrepreneurs in The Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia
-
https://doi.org/10.14419/2ff0xq28
Received date: June 11, 2025
Accepted date: July 11, 2025
Published date: July 30, 2025
-
Financial Well-Being; Financial Behavior; Financial Attitudes; Financial Knowledge; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). -
Abstract
Introduction: The topic of financial literacy has garnered significant attention from both governmental bodies and individuals. Numerous studies have been conducted regarding financial literacy. Several studies have examined the relationship between financial literacy and financial behavior, revealing that financial literacy significantly influences financial behavior.
Objectives: The study attempts to examine the financial literacy and financial well-being among women entrepreneurs in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia, by aligning with SDG1, SDG8, and SDG10. There are two dimensions in financial literacy (financial behavior and financial attitude), while financial knowledge as a moderator is included in the current study.
Methods: This study investigates the key determinants of financial well-being among a sample of 75 women entrepreneurs in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Using a quantitative approach, the researchers employed structured partial least squares modelling with SmartPLS version 4 software. A stratified random sampling technique, followed by quota sampling, was utilized to ensure equitable representation of the population. The measurement questions were adopted from prior research and adapted to suit the context of this study.
Results: This study highlights that all variables play a crucial role in influencing the financial well-being of women entrepreneurs in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Therefore, all antecedent factors must be considered as they impact their financial well-being.
Conclusions: Future research should focus on the wide spectrum of women entrepreneurs in Malaysia to improve their financial well-being as well as Malaysia’s performance in economic growth. By understanding the relationship between financial literacy dimensions and financial knowledge, women entrepreneurs can better enhance their financial well-being.
-
References
- Abd Rahman, I., Rusli, M. A., Othman, A. S. & Aziz, A. 2020. Celik Kewangan Pekerja Sektor Awam: Isu dan Cabaran. Advanced International Journal of Banking, Accounting, and Finance, 2(3), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.35631/AIJBAF.23002.
- Abidin, Z. Z., Zainuddin, A., & Rahim, M. A. (2023). Financial Literacy and Retirement Planning Behaviour Among Working Single Women in Pri-vate Sector. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(6). https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i6.2389.
- Adam, A. M., Slaw, F., & Boadu, M. O. (2017). The World’s Largest Open Access Agricultural & Applied Economics Digital Library. Business and Economic Horizons, 13(2), 224–236. https://doi.org/10.15208/beh.2017.17.
- Agu, E. E., Abhulimen, A. O., Obiki-Osafiele, A. N., Osundare, O. S., Adeniran, I. A., & Efunniyi, C. P. (2024). Proposing strategic models for in-tegrating financial literacy into national public education systems. International Journal of Frontline Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(2), https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrms.2024.3.2.0025.
- Alshebami, A. S., & Marri, S. H. A. (2022). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Saving Behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.911605.
- Aslinda, N. (2022). 17,599 rakyat Malaysia muflis sejak Januari 2020 hingga Mei 2022. Accessed at https://www.utusan.com.my/nasional/2022/08/17599-rakyat-malaysia-muflis-sejakjanuari-2020-hingga-mei-2022/.
- Azeez, A., & Akhtar, S. (2021). Digital Financial Literacy and Its Determinants: An Empirical Evidence from Rural India. South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics (p. 8). Sciencedomain International. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2021/v11i230279.
- Azlan, A., Jamal, A., Kamal, W., Mohdrahimie, R., Roslemohidin, A. K., Osman, Z. (2015). The effects of social influence and financial literacy on savings behavior: a study on students of higher learning institutions in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Int J Bus Soc Sci 6, 110–119.
- Bai, R. (2023). Impact of financial literacy, mental budgeting and self control on financial wellbeing: Mediating impact of investment decision making. In Public Library of Science, 18 (11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294466.
- Batra, A. (2013). Financial inclusion & women empowerment: A Myth or Reality. International Journal of Research in Finance & Marketing, 3(12), 16–25.
- Bhatia, S., & Singh, S. (2023). Exploring financial well-being of working professionals in the Indian context. In Journal of Financial Services Mar-keting, 29 (2), 474. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-023-00215-x.
- Białowolski, P., Węziak‐Białowolska, D., & McNeely, E. (2021). The Role of Financial Fragility and Financial Control for Well-Being. In Social Indicators Research, 155(3), 1137. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02627-5.
- Brüggen, E., Hogreve, J., Holmlund, M., Kabadayi, S., & Lofgren, M. (2017). Financial well-being: A conceptualization and research agenda. In Journal of Business Research, 79(228). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.03.013.
- Choung, Y., Chatterjee, S., & Pak, T. (2023). Digital financial literacy and financial well-being. Finance Research Letters, 58, 104438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104438.
- Collins, J. M., & Urban, C. (2019). Measuring financial well-being over the lifecourse. In European Journal of Finance, 26, 341. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2019.1682631.
- Culebro-Martinez, R., Moreno-Garcia, E., & Hernandez-Mejia, S. (2024). Financial Literacy of Entrepreneurs and Companies’ Performance. In Jour-nal of risk and financial management, 17(2), 63. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17020063.
- Das, V. (2025). Financial Literacy and Financial Well-Being Amid Varying Economic Conditions: Evidence from the Survey of Household Econom-ics and Decision making 2017–2022. International Journal of Financial Studies, 13(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs13020079.
- Furnham, A. (2025). Measuring Money Attitudes and Beliefs. Encyclopedia, 5(2), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5020078.
- Garg, N. & Singh, S. (2018). Financial literacy among youth. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(1), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-11-2016-0303.
- Gonçalves, M., & Ahumada, E. D. L. V. (2025). A Bibliometric Analysis of Women Entrepreneurship: Current Trends and Challenges. Merits, 5(2), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/merits5020009.
- Hakim, M. S., Oktavianti, V., & Gunarta, I. K. (2018). Determining factors that contribute to financial literacy for small and medium enterprises. In IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 337, 12064. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/337/1/012064.
- Haque, A.I., & Zulfiqar, M. (2015). Women’s Economic Empowerment through Financial literacy, Financial Attitude and Financial Wellbeing. Re-search Journal of Finance and Accounting, 6, 57-66.
- Henager, R., & Cude, B. J. (2016). Financial literacy and long- and short-term financial behavior in different age groups. Journal of Financial Coun-seling and Planning, 27(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.27.1.3.
- Hidayati, S. A., Wahyulina, S., & Suryani, E. (2021). The Effect of Financial Attitude and Financial Knowledge On Company Performance with Fi-nancial Decisions as Intervening Variables: A Behavioral Finance Perspective. In JMM UNRAM - Master of Management Journal, 10(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.29303/jmm.v10i1.635.
- Jaffar, N., Faizal, S. M., Selamat, Z., Awaludin, I. S., & Sulaiman, N. A. (2024). Financial literacy and financial well-being of low-income women in Malaysia: a capability view. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2388826.
- Kabeer, N. (2020). Women’s Empowerment and Economic Development: A Feminist Critique of Storytelling Practices in “Randomista” Economics. Feminist Economics, 26(2), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2020.1743338.
- Kanapathipillai, K., Narayanan, S., & Kumaran, S. (2021). Are Women Entrepreneurs’ Business Performances Influenced by Financial Resources? Empowering Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia Through Financial Resources Post-Covid-19 Pandemic. In European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejmms.v7i1.1173.
- Lone, U. M., & Bhat, S. A. (2022). Impact of financial literacy on financial well-being: a mediational role of financial self-efficacy. In Journal of Fi-nancial Services Marketing, 29(1), 122. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00183-8.
- Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and implications. Swiss J Economics Statistics, 155, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5.
- Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and implications. In Zeitschrift für schweizerische Statistik und Volkswirtschaft/Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft und Statistik/Swiss journal of economics and statistics, 155, 1). Springer Sci-ence+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5.
- Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5.
- Mahesha, V. (2023). Financial Literacy: an Initiative Taken by the Government of Karnataka. In International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i03.3801.
- Mandell, L., & Klein, L. S. (2009). The impact of financial literacy education on subsequent financial behavior. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 20(1), 15–24.
- Mansor, M., Sabri, M. F., Mansur, M., Ithnin, M., Magli, A. S., Husniyah, A. R., Mahdzan, N. S., Othman, M. A., Zakaria, R. H., Satar, N. M., & Janor, H. (2022). Analysing the Predictors of Financial Stress and Financial Well-Being among the Bottom 40 Percent (B40) Households in Malaysia. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 19, Issue 19, p. 12490). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912490.
- Morgan, P. J., Huang, B., & Trinh, L. Q. (2019). The need to promote digital financial literacy for the digital age. Realizing Education for All in The Digital Age, 40-46, Asian Development Bank Institute.
- Netemeyer, R. G., Warmath, D., Fernandes, D., & Lynch, J. (2017). How Am I Doing? Perceived Financial Well-Being, Its Potential Antecedents, and Its Relation to Overall Well-Being. Journal of Consumer Research, 45(1), 68. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx109.
- Nwosu, N. T., & Ilori, O. (2024). Behavioral finance and financial inclusion: A conceptual review and framework development. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 22(3), 204. GSC Online Press. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.3.1726.
- Rahman, M., Isa, C. R., & Masud, M. M. (2021). The role of financial behaviour, financial literacy, and financial stress in explaining the financial well-being of B40 group in Malaysia. Future Business Journal, 7(5), https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00099-0.
- Rapina, R., Meythi, M., Rahmatika, D. N., & Mardiana, M. (2023). The impact of financial literacy and financial behavior in entrepreneurial motiva-tion – evidence from Indonesia. Cogent Education 10(2). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2282827.
- Rehman, K., & Mia, M. A. (2024). Determinants of financial literacy: a systematic review and future research directions. Future Business Journal, 10(1). Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-024-00365-x.
- Remund, D. L. (2010). Financial Literacy Explicated: The Case for a Clearer Definition in an Increasingly Complex Economy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 276. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01169.x.
- Riitsalu, L., Sulg, R., Lindal, H., Remmik, M., & Vain, K. (2023). From Security to Freedom— The Meaning of Financial Well-being Changes with Age. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 45(1), 56. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-023-09886-z.
- Sabri, M. F., Anthony, M., Law, S. H., Rahim, H. A., Burhan, N. A. S., & Ithnin, M. (2023). Impact of financial behaviour on financial well-being: evidence among young adults in Malaysia. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 29(3), 788. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-023-00234-8.
- Santini, F.D.O., Ladeira, W.J., Mette, F.M.B. and Ponchio, M.C. (2019). The antecedents and consequences of financial literacy: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(6), 1462-1479. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2018-0281.
- Sundarasen, S., Rajagopalan, U., Kanapathy, M., & Kamaludin, K. (2023). Women’s financial literacy: A bibliometric study on current research and future directions. Heliyon, 9(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21379.
- Szikszai, S., Nagy, A. M., Bosnyák-Simon, N., & Raffai, C. (2024). Financial Awareness of Young Adults - Experience From A Cross-Border Sur-vey Among Hungarian Speaking Students. DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Tourism and Regional Development, 16(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.32725/det.2024.001.
- Taft, M. K., Hosein Z. Z., & Mehrizi S. M. T. (2013). The relation between financial literacy, financial well-being and financial concerns. Interna-tional Journal of Business and Management, 8(11), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n11p63.
- Tayep, M. S. 2024. Cakna Duit perkasa pengetahuan kewangan rakyat Malaysia. Accessed at https://www.hmetro.com.my/bisnes/2024/01/1053254/cakna-duit-perkasapengetahuan-kewangan-rakyat-malaysia.
- Thomas, A., & Gupta, V. (2021). Social Capital Theory, Social Exchange Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, Financial Literacy, and the Role of Knowledge Sharing as a Moderator in Enhancing Financial Well-Being: From Bibliometric Analysis to a Conceptual Framework Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.664638.
- Utomo, M. N., Cahyaningrum, W., & Kaujan, K. (2020). The Role of Entrepreneur Characteristic and Financial Literacy in Developing Business Success. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.11185.
- Vaidya, R. & G. C. R (2021). Relation of Financial Literacy with Financial Attitude and Financial Behavior among Tharu Woman Small Borrowers. Journal of Business and Management Review, 2(10), 665-676. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr210.2312021.
- Wangmo, P. (2018). Assessing the Level and Impact of Financial Literacy on individual saving and spending habits in Royal Institute of Manage-ment. RIM.
- Widyakto, A., Liyana, Z. W., & Rinawati, T. (2022). The influence of financial literacy, financial attitudes, and lifestyle on financial behavior. Diponegoro International Journal of Business. 5(1), 33. Diponegoro University. https://doi.org/10.14710/dijb.5.1.2022.33-46.
- Winarta, S., & Pamungkas, A. S. (2021). The Role of Financial Behavior, Financial Attitude, Financial Strain, and Risk Tolerance in Explaining Fi-nancial Satisfaction. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210507.077.
- Yahaya, R., Zainol, Z., Abidin, J. H. O. Z., & Ismail, R. (2019). The Effect of Financial Knowledge and Financial Attitudes on Financial Behavior among University Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i8/6205.
- Younas, W., Javed, T., Kalimuthu, K. R., Farooq, M. & Khalil-ur-Rehman, F. and Raju V. (2019). Impact of Self-Control, Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior on Financial Well-being. The Journal of Social Sciences Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, 5(1), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.32861/jssr.51.211.218.
- Zainuddin, A., Aziz, F. M. M., Harith, N. H. M., Rahim, M. A., & Yusoff, B. (2024). Financial Literacy in Improving Financial Well-Being Among Female Civil Servants: A Study in Putrajaya. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(2), 140-155. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.0011.
-
Downloads
-
How to Cite
Abdullah, M. S., Tanggamani , V. ., Rahim, A. ., Bani, H. ., Abdul Latif, M. M. R. ., & Mohd Salleh, M. N. . (2025). An Analysis of Financial Literacy and Financial Well-Being inRelation to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Among Women Entrepreneurs in The Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia. International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 12(3), 327-335. https://doi.org/10.14419/2ff0xq28
