Potential Feedstock of Rubber Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production

  • Authors

    • N. Hamzah
    • S. Mohd Isa
    • N. Ahmad Tajuddin
    2019-12-24
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27562
  • Rubber Seed Oils, Transesterification, Accelerated Solvent Extraction, Optimisation, Biodiesel

  • Biodiesel can help to reduce the world‘s dependence on fossil fuels and which also has significant environmental benefits. Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) obtained via transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with an alcohol. The rubber seed oil (RSO) is chosen as a potential non-edible vegetable oil for the production of biodiesel. The oil was extracted from the seed by using pressurized liquid extraction (ASE). The percentage rubber seed oil extracted from 2.6 kilograms rubber seed was obtained 35%. The acid value of RSO has reduced from 52.3 mg KOH/g to 0.8 mg KOH/g while FFA% value has reduced from 35% to 1.18% after acid esterification was applied to RSO. The oil was proceed with base transesterification where the triglycerides from the oil were converted into FAME. The optimization of transesterification process was performed in order to determine the optimum conditions that give the highest FAME yield. Result shows that optimum conditions of the transesterification of rubber seed oil were 1:6 of oil to methanol mass ratio ,30 wt% KOH catalyst, 60 oC reaction temperature and 60 minutes reaction time, that offering the highest biodiesel yield of 96%.

     

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Canakci M, Van Gerpan J. (2001). Biodiesel production from oils and fats with high free fatty acids. Trans ASAE, 44-52.

      [2] Mansourpoor, M. & Shariati, A. (2012) Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using Response Surface Methodology. J Chem Eng Process Technol 3, 141–146.

      [3] Atabani, A. E., Silitonga, A. S., Badruddin, I. A., Mahlia, T. M. I., Masjuki, H. H., & Mekhilef, S. (2012). A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(4), 2070–2093.

      [4] Bashir Abubakar, A. K., Uemura, Y., Anita, R., Noridah, O., Kusakabe, K., & Kai, T. (2015). Production of biodiesel from rubber seeds (hevea brasiliensis) by in situ transesterification method. Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy , 94, 763-768.

      [5] Fangrui Ma & Milford A. H. (1999). Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresource Technology, 70, 1-15.

      [6] Gimbun, J., Shahid, A., Chitra, C. S. C. K., Liyana, A. S., Nurul Hidayah, M., Chin, K. C. & Said, N. (2013). Biodiesel production from rubber seed oil using activated cement clinker as catalyst. Procedia Engineering, 53, 13–19.

      [7] Gimbun, J., Shahid, A., Chitra, C. S. C. K., Liyana, A. S., Nurul Hidayah, M., Chin, K. C. & Said, N. (2012). Biodiesel production from rubber seed oil using a limestone based catalyst. Advances In Materials Physics And Chemistry, 2, 138-141.

      [8] Junaid, A., Suzana, Y., Awais, B., & Ruzaimah, N. M. K. (2014). Study of fuel properties of rubber seed oil based biodiesel. Energy Conversion and Management, 78, 266–275.

      [9] Knowles, D. & Ritcher, B. (n.d.). Extraction of Oils from Oilseeds by Accelerated Solvent Extraction. Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

      [10] Meher, L., Vidyasagar, D., & Naik, S. (2006). Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification - a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 10 (3), 248–268.

      [11] Nor’asyikin, S., Ruziyati, T. & Mardiana, S. (2012). Analytical separation methods laboratory guide. UiTM Press. 2nd edition, p. 5–8.

      [12] Ramadhas, A. S., Jayaraj, S., & Muraleedharan, C. (2005). Biodiesel production from high FFA rubber seed oil. Fuel, 84, 335–340.

      [13] Sumit, H. D., Tarkeshwar, K. & Gopinath, H. (2016). Biodiesel synthesis from Hevea brasiliensis oil employing carbon supported heterogeneous catalyst: Optimization by Taguchi method. Renewable Energy, 89, 506-514.

      [14] Widayat, Wibowo A. D. K., & Hadiyanto. (2013). Study on production process of biodiesel from rubber seed (hevea brasiliensis) by in situ (trans)esterification method with acid catalyst. Energy Procedia, 32, 64–73.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Hamzah, N., Mohd Isa, S., & Ahmad Tajuddin, N. (2019). Potential Feedstock of Rubber Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.14), 196-199. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27562