A Correlational Analysis of Social Factors with Obesity among Malay Obese People

  • Authors

    • Saif Ullah
    • Norizan Abdul Ghani
    • Atif Ameen Baig
    2018-12-13
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23570
  • obesity, level of obesity, Malay obese, social factors, Malaysia obesity.

  • This study examines the correlation between social factors and obesity among Malay obese people (age: 20-59 years old) in Terengganu, Malaysia. Comprised of cross-sectional research design, this study has been applied a convenience sampling technique. Clinical Practice Guidelines on Management of Obesity (2004) criteria was adopted < 27.49kg/m2 to measure the body mass index. The number of participants were included in this study n = 150 (male = 80 & females = 70). Data is collected by using close-ended self-administrated questionnaire. SPSS version 21.0 was used for the data analysis. The results reveals that obesity is significantly correlated with feelings (low self-esteem), body image dissatisfaction, eating and dieting frequency (eating habits), frequency of exercise (physical inactivity), physical activity barriers, and media influence. Moreover, obesity has found insignificant with health knowledge, religious knowledge, religious practices and their relation with obesity. It is a pioneer study that has assessed the correlation of social factors and obesity among Malay obese adults in Terengganu, Malaysia. This study reports that majority of the social factors are significantly correlated with obesity. Therefore, interventional programs should be arranged by government based on the social factors in order to decrease the level of obesity in Terengganu, Malaysia.

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] World Health Organization (WHO) (2012). Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. http:/ /www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy-engpdf.

      [2] N g, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., & Abraham, J. P. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet, 384(9945), 766-781.

      [3] World Health Organization. (2014). Fact sheet: Obesity and overweight. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs31 1 / en/.

      [4] Institute for Public Health. (2006). The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS III) 2006, Nutritional Status. Ministry of Health, Malaysia 2008.

      [5] Institute for Public Health. (2011). National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS 2011). Vol II, Non-communicable Diseases; 2011.

      [6] Institute for Public Health. (2015). National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS 2015) Vol II, Non-communicable Diseases; 2015.

      [7] Hassan, B., Atif, B., Saif. U.K., Norizan, A.G., Ahmad, Z. A. L. Nordin, B. S. (2017). Prevalence of Obesity in Malay Population in Malaysia Based on the BMI Status: A study in Terengganu. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 10(12).

      [8] Loth, K. A., Bauer, K. W., Wall, M., Berge, J. M., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2011). Body satisfaction during pregnancy. Body Image, 8(3), 297-300.

      [9] Cheong, S. M., Mirnalini, K., Karuthan, C., Yoke, M. C., & Hazizi, A. S. (2010). Prevalence of Obesity and Factors Associated with it in a Worksite Setting in Malaysia. Journal of Community Health, 35, 698–705.

      [10] Zuraida, A. S., Mohammad, B. R., & Ho, C. E. (2013). An Evaluation of Eating Behavior, Psychosocial Status and Body Mass Index among Adolescents in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 22(2), 10-18.

      [11] Rezali, F. W., Chin, Y. S., & Yusof, B. N. M. (2012). Obesity-related behaviors of Malaysian adolescents: A sample from Kajang district of Selangor state. Nutrition Research and Practice, 6(5), 458-465.

      [12] Rampal, L., Saeedi, P., Aminizadeh, B. S., Salmiah, M. S., & Norlijah, O. (2012). Obesity and Associated Health Related Factors Among University Staffin Serdang, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 8(2), 23-32.

      [13] Siti, A. K., Mohd, N. M. T, Hazizi, A. S., & Kandiah, M. (2011). Socio-demographic and psychosocial factors associated with physical activity of working woman in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 17(3), 315-324.

      [14] See, H. Ng, Bridget, K., Chee, H. S., Sharmela, S., Karuthan, C., Ismail, M. N., & Tilakavati, K. (2015). Reading the mind of children in response to food advertising: A cross-sectional study of Malaysian schoolchildren’s attitudes towards food and beverages advertising on television. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-14.

      [15] Muniandy, B. (2013). The Impact of Social Media in Social and Political Aspects in Malaysia: An Overview. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(11), 71-76.

      [16] Abdullah, B. B., Yusof, F. B., Hassan, W. S. B. W., Tahar, A. S. B., & Amiruddin, S. B. (2017). The Understanding of Terengganu Muslim Community Concerning Health Care Practice of Prophet Muhammad SAW. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(10), 303-308.

      [17] Ford, E. S., Williamson, D. F., & Liu, S. (1997). Weight change and diabetes incidence: Findings from a national cohort of US adults. American Journal of Epidemiology, 146(3), 214-222.

      [18] Sturm, R., & Wells, K. B. (2001). Does obesity contribute as much to morbidity as poverty or smoking? Public Health, 115(3), 229-235.

      [19] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008). Smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses--United States, 2000-2004. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 57(45), 1226-1228.

      [20] Story, M., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & French, S. (2002). Individual and environmental influences on adolescent eating behaviors. Journal of the America Dietetic Association, 102(3), S40-S45.

      [21] Becker, A. E., Roberts, A. L., Perloe, A., Bainivualiku, A., Richards, L. K., Gilman, S. E., & Striegel-Moore, R. H. (2010). Youth health-risk behavior assessment in Fiji: The reliability of Global School-based Student Health Survey content adapted for ethnic Fijian girls. Ethnicity and Health, 15(2), 181-197.

      [22] Caprio, S., Daniels, S. R., Drewnowski, A., Kaufman, F. R., Palinkas, L. A., Rosenbloom, L., & Schwimmer, J. B. (2008). Influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on childhood obesity: Implications for prevention and treatment. Diabetes Care, 31, 11, 2211-2221.

      [23] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1981). The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Natureand Design. Harvard University Press.

      [24] Clinical Practice Guidelines on Management of Obesity. (2004). Ministry of Health Malaysia, Academy of Health Malaysia, Academy of Medicine of Malaysia, Malaysian Association for the study of Obesity: Malaysian Endocrine and Metabolic Society.

      [25] Jette, A. M., Davies, A. R., Cleary, P. D., Calkins, D. R., Rubenstein, L. V., Fink, A., & Delbanco, T. L. (1986). The functional status questionnaire. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 1(3), 143-149.

      [26] Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.

      [27] Stunkard, A. J., Sorensen,T ., & Schulsinger, F. (1983). Use of the Danish Adoption Register for the study of obesity and thinness. In S. S. Kety, L. P. Rowland, R. L. Sidman, & S. W. Matthysse (Eds.), Genetics of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. New York: Raven Press, pp. 115-120.

      [28] Cawley, M. R. (2004). The psychosocial aspects of obesity: A quantitative and qualitative study. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

      [29] Khor, G. L., Cobiac, L., & Skrzypiec, G. (2002). Gender differences in eating behavior and social self-concept among Malaysian university students. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 8(1), 75-98

      [30] Ibrahim, S Karim, N A., Oon, N. L. & Ngah, W. Z. W. (2013) Perceived physical activity barriers related to body weight status and sociodemographic factors among Malaysian men in Klang Valley. BMC Public Health, 13, 275.

      [31] Martinez, J. A., Kearney, J. M., Kafatos, A., Paquet, S., & Martínez-Gonzélez, M. A. (1999). Variables independently associated with self-reported obesity in the European Union. Public Health Nutrition, 2(1a), 125-133.

      [32] Perrin, E., Boone-Heinonen, J., Field, A., Coyne-Beasley, T., & Gordon-Larsen, P. (2010). Perception of overweight and self-esteem during adolescence. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(5), 447-454.

      [33] Zawawi, J. A. (2014). Relationships between Body Mass Index, Body Image Dissatisfaction and Psychological Distress among Fitness Center Female Users in Zarqa-Jordan. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(11), 109-130.

      [34] Durkin, S. J., & Paxton, S. J. (2002). Predictors of vulnerability to reduced body image satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in response to exposure to idealized female media images in adolescent girls. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(5), 995-1005.

      [35] Marques-Vidal, P., Ruidavets, J. B, Cambou, J. P, & Ferrie`res J. (2002). Trends in overweight and obesity in middle-aged subjects from Southwestern France, 1985 – 1997. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 26, 732 – 734.

      [36] Yannakoulia, M., Panagiotakos, D. B., Pitsavos, C., Bathrellou, E., Chrysohoou, C., Skoumas, Y., & Stefanadis, C. (2007). Low energy reporting related to lifestyle, clinical, and pychosocial factors in a randomly selected population sample of Greek adults: The ATTICA study. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 26, 327–333.

      [37] Gunes, F. E., Bekiroglu, N., Imeryuz, N., & Agirbasli, M. (2012). Relation between Eating Habits and a High Body Mass Index among Freshman Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 31(3), 167-174.

      [38] Schlundt, D.G, & Sbrocco T. B. (1989). Identification of high-risk situations in a behavioral weight loss program: Application of the relapse prevention model. International Journal of Obesity, 13(2), 223-234.

      [39] Chaput, J. P., Klingenberg, L., Rosenkilde, M., Gilbert, J. A., Tremblay, A., & Sjödin, A. (2011). Physical Activity Plays an Important Role in Body Weight Regulation. Journal of Obesity, 2011, 1-11.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Ullah, S., Abdul Ghani, N., & Ameen Baig, A. (2018). A Correlational Analysis of Social Factors with Obesity among Malay Obese People. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.34), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23570