Feeding practices and prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in urban and rural areas of Kannur district

  • Authors

    • Aswathi Sreedharan Kannur Dental College
    • Faizal CP Kannur Dental College
    • Chandru TP Kannur Dental College
    2016-02-25
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v4i1.5770
  • Early Childhood Caries, Feeding Habits, Prevalence, Parent’s Knowledge.
  • Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among children. Lack of proper Parental knowledge regarding feeding practices will have a deleterious effect on child oral health.

    Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of ECC and parental knowledge regarding feeding practices in young children.

    Methods: 500 preschool children aged between 36-60 months, were selected from twenty schools. The children’s were examined at the respective schools to determine the presence or absence of caries by using WHO criteria .A structured questionnaire was provided to 500 parents of the respective school children examined to assess their knowledge regarding feeding practices and oral hygiene measures in preschool children for prevention of ECC

    Result: The results of the children examined and the parent surveyed were tabulated and statistically analyzed by using chi-square test. The result showed that the prevalence rate of ECC among 500 children surveyed were about 56.3%.The knowledge regarding the feeding practices and oral hygiene measures overall was found to be 56.5%

    Conclusion: The prevalence of ECC was relatively high among the preschool children. The feeding practices and oral hygiene measures among parents was more off supporting the promotion of ECC. More emphasis should be given regarding introduction of oral hygiene practice from the first year of child’s life and also to conduct public awareness programme to achieve optimum oral health care in children.

  • References

    1. [1] AbiolaAdeniyi A, EyitopeOgunbodede O, Sonny Jeboda O, MorenikeFolayan O. (2009) Do maternal factors influence the dental health status of Nigerian pre-school children? International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 19(6):448- 54. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2009.01019.

      [2] American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. (2012)Guideline on infant oral health care. Pediatric Dentistry .34(special issue):132-6

      [3] American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. (2012)Policy on the dental home. Pediatric Dentistry .34(special issue):24-5.

      [4] American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Reference Manual 2000-01. Pediatric Dentistry 2000; 22.

      [5] Bennadi D, Reddy V, Kshetrimayum N. (2014) Influence of Genetic factor on Dental Caries. Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology 2(3):1196-1207.

      [6] Berkowitz RJ. (2003) Causes, treatment and prevention of early childhood caries: a microbiologic perspective. Journal (Canadian Dental Association).69(5):304-7.

      [7] Bedi R, Lewsey JD, Gilthorpe MS. (2000) Changes in oral health over ten years amongst UK children aged 4–5 years living in a deprived multi ethnic area. British Dental Journal .July 22:189(2). http://dx. doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4800692

      [8] Drury T.F, Horowitz A.M, Ismail A.I, Maertens M.P, Rozier R.G and Selwitz R.H. (1999) Diagnosing and Reporting Early Childhood Caries for Research Purposes. A Report of a Workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the Health Resources and Services Administration and the Health Care Financing Administration. Journal of Public Health Dentistry. Vol 59, No.3, pp 192-197. http://dx. doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1999.tb03268.

      [9] De Souza PM, Mello Proença MA, Franco MM, Rodrigues VP, Costa JF, Costa EL.Association between early childhood caries and maternal caries status: A cross-section study in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, European Journal of Dentistry. 2015 Jan-Mar; 9(1):122-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.149659.

      [10] Fass E. Is bottle feeding of milk a factor in dental caries? Journal of Dentistry for Children 1962; 29: 245-251.

      [11] Feldens CA, Giugliani ER, Vigo Ã, VítoloMR. (2010) early feeding practices and severe early childhood caries in four-year-old children from southern Brazil: a birth cohort study. Caries Research. 44(5):445-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000319898.

      [12] Gussy MG, Waters EG, Walsh O, Kilpatrick NM. (2006)Early childhood caries: current evidence for aetiology and prevention. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 42(1-2):37- 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00777.x.

      [13] Guideline on Periodicity of Examination, Preventive Dental Services, Anticipatory Guidance/Counseling, and Oral Treatment for Infants, Children, and Adolescents. Pediatric Dentistry. 2013 Sep-Oct;35(5):E148-56

      [14] Guidelines on Prevention of Early Childhood Caries: A European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Policy Document .Nov 2008; 1-4.

      [15] Jose B, King NM. (2003) early childhood caries lesions in preschool children in Kerala, India. Pediatric Dentistry.25:594–600

      [16] Kranz S, Smiciklas-Wright H, Francis LA. (2006)Diet quality, added sugar, and dietary fiber intakes in American preschoolers. Pediatric Dentistry .28(2):164-71.

      [17] Kuriakose S, Prasannan M, Remya KC, Kurian J, Sreejith KR.(2015) Prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in Trivandrum and its association with various risk factors. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. Jan-Mar; 6 (1):69-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.149295.

      [18] Kaikure MK, Thomas A, ShettySB, JoseT, PidamaleR, Kaikure SL. (2015) the prevalence of early childhood caries and its associated risk factors among immigrant Tibetan preschool children in Bylakuppe, Mysore India. ScienceJournal of Public Health.3 (3):384-390. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20150303.23.

      [19] Lavigne V. (2013) Breastfeeding and Dental Caries. Clinical Lactation. Vol. 4-1, 12-16 http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/215805313806998435.

      [20] Mani SA, Aziz AA, John J, Ismail NM.(2012) Early childhood caries: Parent‘sKnowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards its prevention in Malaysia. Oral Health Care – Pediatric, Research, Epidemiology and Clinical Practices. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/33898.

      [21] Mani SA, Aziz AA, John J, Ismail NM. (2010) Knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health promoting factors among caretakers of children attending day-care centers in Kubang Kerian, Malaysia: a preliminary study.Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. Apr-Jun; 28 (2):78-83. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.4103/0970-4388.66741

      [22] Mohebbi SZ, Virtanen JI, Vahid-Golpayegani M, Vehkalahti MM. (2006) Early childhood caries and dental plaque among 1-3-year-olds in Tehran, Iran. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 24(4):177-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.28073.

      [23] Prakash P, Subramaniam P, Durgesh BH, Konde S. (2012)Prevalence of early childhood caries and associated risk factors in preschool children of urban Bangalore, India: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Dentistry. 6 (2):141-52.

      [24] Poureslami HR, Van Amerongen WE. (2009)Early Childhood Caries (ECC): an infectious transmissible oral disease. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 76(2):191-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-008-0216-1.

      [25] PrakashaShrutha S, Vinit GB, Giri KY, Alam S. (2013) Feeding practices and early childhood caries: a cross-sectional study of preschool children in Kanpur district, India. International Scholarly Research Notices Dentistry.1-6.

      http:// dx.doi.org/ 10.1155/2013/275193.

      [26] Perera PJ, Fernando MP, Warnakulasooriya TD, Ranathunga N. (2014) Effect of feeding practices on dental caries among preschool children: a hospital based analytical cross sectional study. Asia Pacafic Journal of Clinical Nutrition.23 (2):272- 7 .http://dx. Doi.org/ 10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.2.

      [27] Pullishery F, Panchmal SG, Shenoy R.(2013) Parental Attitudes and Tooth Brushing Habits in Preschool Children in Mangalore, Karnataka: A Cross- sectional Study. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 6(3):156-60.http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals.10005-1210

      [28] PostmaTC,Ayo-Yusuf OA,van Wyk PJ.(2008) Socio-demographic correlates of early childhood caries prevalence and severity in a developing country-South Africa. International Dental Journal; 58:91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595X.2008.tb00182.x.

      [29] Reisine S, Douglass JM. (1998) Pyschosocial and behavorial issues in early childhood caries Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology .26 (suppl): 132-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1998.tb02092.x.

      [30] Rafi A. Togoo, Zakirulla M, Syed Mohammed Yaseen, Nasim VS, Ali Robian AlQahtani, Abdullah Ali Al-Turki.(2012) Cross-Sectional Study of Awareness and Knowledge of Causative Factors for Early Childhood Caries among Saudi Parents: A Step towards Prevention. International Journal of Health Sciences & Research .2(3); 1-7. http:// (www.ijhsr.org)

      [31] Retnakumari N, Cyriac G. (2012) Childhood caries as influenced by maternal and child characteristics in pre-school children of Kerala-an epidemiological study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 3(1):2-8. http://dx. Doi.org/10.4103/0976-237X.9453

      [32] Sigurdsson A. (2013) Evidence-based review of prevention of dental injuries. Pediatric Dentistry .35(2):184-90 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.035.

      [33] Suwansingha O ,Rirattanapong P. (2014) Preschool children's caregivers‘ attitudes and behavior regarding bottle feeding in Bangpakong, Chachoengsao. Journal of International Society of Preventive Community Dentistry.4(2).93-8 http://www.jispcd.org/text.asp?2014/4/5/93/146210

      [34] Soben peter. (2006) Essentials of preventive and community dentistry, (3rd ed),Arya Medi Publishing House ,NewDelhi, pp 796.

      [35] Tinanoff N, Palmer C. (2000) Dietary determinants of dental caries in preschool children and dietary recommendation for preschool children. Journal of Public Health Dentistry .60(3): 197-206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2000.tb03328.x.

      [36] Thakare VG, ACG Krishnan, Chaware S. (2012) Parents' perceptions of factors influencing the oral health of their preschool children in Vadodara city, Gujarat: A descriptive study. European Journal of General Dentistry .1(1): 44-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.101359.

      [37] Tinanoff N, Kast LM, Corbin SB. (1998) Early Childhood Caries: positive beginning. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 26 (Supplement):117-119 http:// dx. doi.org 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1998.tb02103.x

      [38] Voronina L. McKinney. (2006) the relationship between early childhood caries and caregivers‘oral health knowledge and behavior among medicaid eligible children in North Carolina. Chapel Hill.

      [39] Wigen TI, Espelid I, Skaare AB, Wang NJ. ( 2011)Family characteristics and caries experience in preschool children. A longitudinal study from pregnancy to 5 years of age. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology.39 (4):311-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00596.x.

      [40] Williams NJ, Whittle JG, Gatrell AC. (2002) the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and dental health knowledge and attitudes of parents with young children. British Dental Journal. Dec 7; 193 (11):651-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4801652.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Sreedharan, A., CP, F., & TP, C. (2016). Feeding practices and prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in urban and rural areas of Kannur district. International Journal of Dental Research, 4(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v4i1.5770